<< Back to Education

Iontophoresis

Iontophoresis is the introduction of selected ions into the tissues via low-volt direct current. Direct current has various polarity affects. The positive pole repels positive ions, decreasing nerve irritability and causing a tissue-hardening effect. Conversely, the negative pole repels negative ions, increases nerve irritability and causes tissue softening.

Treatment duration is usually 15 to 40 minutes and the estimated depth of penetration is less than 1 cm. It is possible that ions are carried to deeper tissue by circulatory currents.

Various substances that form ions in solution have been identified as useful in treating musculoskeletal conditions. Most common are Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate (4 mg/ml) and Xylocaine (4%) used by themselves or in a solution. Iontophoresis is used as an alternative to injection for acute and sub acute bursitis, epicondylitis, tenosynovitis and in situations where it is advisable to avoid the pain that may accompany needle insertion and drug injections.

As physical therapists, we cannot prescribe drugs and therefore need a written prescription for the drugs and to administer the treatment.